hawkbit/docs/content/concepts/rollout-management.md

---
title: Rollout Management
parent: Concepts
weight: 54
---

Software update operations in large scale IoT scenarios with hundreds of thousands of devices require special handling.
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That includes:
- _Technical Scalability_ by means of horizontal scale of the hawkBit server cluster in the cloud.
- _Global_ artifact _content delivery_ capacities.
- _Functional Scalability_ by means of:
  - Secure handling of large volumes of devices at rollout creation time.
  - Monitoring of the rollout progress.
  - Emergency rollout shutdown in case of problems on to many devices.

- Reporting capabilities for a complete understanding of the rollout progress at each point in time.

Eclipse hawkBit sees these capabilities under the term Rollout Management.

The following capabilities are currently supported by the _Rollout Management_:
- Create, update and start of rollouts.
  - Selection of targets as input for the rollout based on _target filter_ functionality.
  - Selection of a _DistributionSet_.
  - Auto-splitting of the input target list into a defined number deployment groups.
- Approval workflow
  - Has to be enabled explicitly in configuration.
  - Enables a workflow that requires a user with adequate permissions to review any new or updated rollout before it 
  can be started.
  - Allows integration with 3rd party workflow engines.
  
- Cascading start of the deployment groups based on installation status of the previous group.
- Emergency shutdown of the rollout in case a group exceeds the defined error threshold.
- Rollout progress monitoring for the entire rollout and the individual groups.


## Cascading Deployment Group Execution
The cascading execution of the deployment groups is based on two thresholds that can be defined by the rollout creator.
- success condition by means of percentage of successfully installed targets in the current groups triggers.
- error condition by means of absolute or percentage of failed installations which triggers an emergency shutdown of the entire rollout.

## Rollout state machine

### State Machine on Rollout
![](../../images/rolloutstatediagram.png)

### State Machine on Rollout Deployment Group
![](../../images/rolloutgroupstatediagram.png)

## Multi-Assignments (beta)

One of the main paradigms of Eclipse hawkBit is, that a Distribution Set represents the currently installed software of a device. Hence, a device can have only one Distribution Set assigned/installed at a time. With _Multi-Assignments_ enabled, this paradigm shifts. Multi-Assignments allows to assign multiple Distribution Sets to a device simultaneously, without cancelling each other. As a consequence, an operator can trigger multiple campaigns addressing the same devices in parallel. 

### Action weight

To differentiate between important and less important updates a property called _weight_ is used. When multi-assignments is enabled every action has a weight value between (and including) 0 and 1000. The higher the weight the more important is the assignment represented by the action. Also when defining a _rollout_ or an _auto-assignment_ and multi-assignments is enabled a weight value has to be provided. This value is passed to the actions created during the execution of these _rollouts_ and _auto-assignments_. If no weight was provided the highest value of 1000 is used instead. 

### Consequences

While this feature provides more flexibility to the user and enables new use-cases, there are also some consequences one should be aware of:

**Critical**

* This feature is in beta and may change unannounced.
* For now, this feature is **opt-in only**. Once activated, it cannot be deactivated.

**Minor**

* While on DMF-API a MULTI_ACTION request is sent, DDI-API only exposes the next action which has the highest priority in the list of open actions(according to their weight property). 
* All information regarding the currently assigned or installed Distribution Set does only respect the last assignment, as well as the last successfully installed Distribution set. This also affects:
    * Pinning a target or Distribution Set in Deployment View.
    * Statistics about installed or assigned Distribution Sets.
* Auto close running actions, when a new Distribution Set is assigned (`repository.actions.autoclose.enabled`) is deactivated.
* Marking a Distribution Set to be a *Required Migration Step* is deactivated.